It is a philosophy of personal ethics informed by its system of logic and its views on the natural world.
The Stoics often identified the universe and God with Zeus, as the ruler and upholder, and at the same time the law, of the universe. The Stoic God is not a transcendent omniscient being standing outside nature, but rather it is immanent—the divine element is immersed in nature itself.
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Stoicism is a school of philosophy that hails from ancient Greece and Rome in the early parts of the 3rd century, BC. It is a philosophy of life that maximizes positive emotions, reduces negative emotions and helps individuals to hone their virtues of character.
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The Stoics elaborated a detailed taxonomy of virtue, dividing virtue into four main types: wisdom, justice, courage, and moderation. Wisdom is subdivided into good sense, good calculation, quick-wittedness, discretion, and resourcefulness.
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Another large appeal of Stoic philosophy today is that its techniques have a rational foundation and don't require a belief in supernatural forces. For this reason, modern Stoicism is very popular with secular humanists and atheists, but it's equally popular with religious people and the spiritual but not religious.
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“It is the power of the mind to be unconquerable.” The ultimate goal of Stoicism is to develop the mind to such an extent that the practitioner would reach a state of being called eudaimonia.
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The Stoics viewed death as natural, a return to Nature. It is the value-judgments we place on death which makes it as terrible as it is. This is the existential dilemma we all will face at one point or another in our lives. It often appears after the passing of a loved one or someone close.
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